With the growing enthusiasm for the development of new energy and renewable energy, the more clean oil, natural gas more and more favored, as the "dirty energy" of coal by the cold. In the energy structure, the world wide, coal resources than oil, natural gas and other resources to be relatively rich. According to the Research Institute of China's clean coal industry depth research and investment strategy analysis report released by the 2015-2020, the world's coal reserves of 10316 tons, recoverable reserves of 1370 tons of oil, natural gas recoverable reserves of 139.7 cubic meters, stone oil, natural gas will be earlier than coal depletion. In China, the situation is more obvious, the Chinese mineral energy resources proven recoverable reserves of coal accounted for 94%, oil, natural gas less than 6%. 1995, China's first commodity energy consumption in coal accounted for 75%, oil, natural gas, etc. accounted for 17%. Resource conditions determine the pattern of coal as the main primary energy is difficult to have a fundamental change in a long period of time. China's national economic development can not be separated from coal.
But we must also recognize that the traditional coal development and utilization of technology to the ecological environment has brought serious adverse effects: coal underground mining caused large area ground subsidence and coal gangue accumulation and coal gangue in combustion emissions in a lot of smoke and sulfur dioxide and other; China's coal of high sulfur coal ash accounted for a considerable proportion of each year 6 million tons of coal a long-distance truck transport, emit large amounts of coal dust; more than 80% of the coal for combustion, coal-fired atmospheric caused serious pollution. According to estimates, China's coal production of sulfur dioxide accounted for about 90% of the total sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere, carbon dioxide accounted for 82.5%, carbon monoxide accounted for 71%. Soot pollution belongs to china.
On the one hand, we can not do without coal, on the one hand, we need clean, efficient and convenient and flexible energy. In this case, we can develop and utilize the rich coal resources efficiently and cleanly. Clean coal technology is proposed and developed rapidly in such a background.
Environmental benefits and economic benefits of the inevitable choice of clean coal technology in the eighty's by the United States first proposed, is to reduce pollution and improve the efficiency of coal processing, combustion, conversion and pollution control and other new technologies. China's clean coal technology in some areas, there is a certain foundation, but the real attention is still in recent years. At the same time, experts pointed out that the development of clean coal technology in China and the developed countries in the area of coverage and key areas are obviously different due to the different conditions of the country.
First, China's coal consumption structure and developed countries have different, in developed countries, coal is used to power generation, such as the United States 87% of coal used to generate electricity, Britain, Australia and other 90%, so they develop clean coal is around to solve the problem, and put forward "end users is power", but in our country coal consumption structure is diversified, 18% for civil, other industrial sectors accounted for nearly 50%, coal mining technology in China's clean coal technology in many aspects.
In addition, the developed countries have always stressed the use of coal in the process of improving efficiency and reduce pollution. Because the mining area there are relatively concentrated, have little impact on the environment pollution problems raised in the development; but China coal resources spread all over, the distribution is broad, mine pollution in serious condition, the clean coal technology to cover coal development and utilization in the whole process, only the coal development middle of pollutants in source, centralized management, is the effective way to prevent pollution. At the same time, the development of clean coal technology must reflect the social benefits of environmental protection and economic benefits, the focus on the development of advanced technology. Such as the current use of wet flue gas desulfurization technology, technical indicators are better, and can meet the requirements of environmental protection, but the installation and operation costs are too high. So for our country actual, the development of low cost, can meet the basic requirements of environmental protection of the desulfurization technology should be the focus of our work.
Due to the late start of clean coal technology in China, it is necessary to carry out international cooperation in advanced technology and capital. In this regard, the coal liquefaction of clean coal, that is, the so-called "coal oil" technology has made a breakthrough progress.
Direct liquefaction of coal by high pressure and hydrogen makes the study of liquid fuel from the beginning of the Second World War. Although the impact of oil price has been fluctuating, it has not formed commercial production. Direct liquefaction is high, the cost is relatively low, but the choice of coal: the lower the degree of poor quality coal, such as lignite, long flame coal, liquefied effect is relatively good.
In China, on the one hand because of the lack of oil resources; on the one hand, due to the low level of coal is suitable for liquefied coal, proven reserves of lignite has reached 2000 tons, according to the current process of about 4 tons of coal can be 1 tons of crude oil, is expected to be 500 tons of oil. Experts after a preliminary feasibility study to determine the appropriate coal species and the right place in our country, the construction of coal direct liquefaction demonstration plant, the economy is feasible.