This year, the Ministry of Agriculture in the country started to implement a zero-growth action fertilizer use, reducing the amount of fertilizer to curb farmland quality decline gradually become a common social consensus, action is progressing more smoothly, to achieve the desired reduction target fertilizer applied without production cuts. The reporter interviewed on the issue, Deputy Director of the National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center Dohi at Yang Fan.
Q: This year starts at the beginning of fertilizer use zero-growth action, some people worry that reducing the amount of fertilizer will affect food production, now autumn harvest is also a foregone conclusion, which is not to dispel the doubts?
A: After zero growth in fertilizer use action starts, all over the country to actively promote the reduction of various chemical fertilizers applied technology. In this case, even this year, China's summer grain output increased holding, autumn harvest has become a foregone conclusion, to achieve a "diet does not cut."
Now the country-level data has not yet figured out from our master data, CURVES good deep plowing in loose soil testing and fertilizer under scientific management and field premise, minus an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, or can guarantee food production .
Q: Over the years, the farmers formed a "multi-grain fertilizer play more" understanding, reduce fertilizer applied once they accept this?
A: From our research perspective, acceptance of the farmers is still relatively high. This is mainly due to soil testing and fertilizer project began in 2005, has changed the farmers' fertilizer more play more food, "the concept of scientific fertilization awareness is also rising. Coupled with recent years, phosphate, potash prices, farmers began to reduce nitrogen, increasing P and K fertilization structure is gradually become more reasonable.
It should be noted that, in the economic horticultural crops, farmers reduce fertilizer is still very cautious, mainly due to the high economic efficiency of such crops, the farmers do not care about input costs, but also worried about cuts, the impact of income. This requires the department to focus on agricultural extension, gives more precise technical guidance.
Q: The purpose fertilizer use zero-growth action is not just emphasis on reducing the amount of fertilizer to improve fertilizer efficiency is the proper meaning, right?
A: The only emphasis on reducing fertilizer use is one-sided, to ensure that the crop is not cut, it must also be done to improve fertilizer utilization. Technically, to promote soil testing and fertilizer, promoting precise fertilization, change table applied fertilizer, the applicator is a mechanical deep application integration fertilizer, spraying and so can improve fertilizer utilization. In addition, promote the use of new fertilizers, such as slow-release fertilizer containing humic acid fertilizer, fertilizer use efficiency can be improved.
Q: What fertilizer use zero-growth operations and focus on the further implementation of the difficulty in that?
A: The technology path fertilizer use zero-growth action plan design is "fine, adjust, change, for" that promote precision fertilizer, fertilizer use to adjust the structure, improved fertilization methods, organic manure fertilizer substitute. I personally feel that the hardest part is an alternative fertilizer organic fertilizer, it is the most important. With good organic fertilizer one can make organic fertilizer nutrients which replace part of fertilizer nutrients, reducing the amount of fertilizer; the second is to increase the soil organic matter content and improve soil microbial activity and soil water and fertilizer performance, so as to enhance the quality of arable land; three is the solution to livestock and poultry excrement discarded straw burning environmental pollution problems caused. It can be said is threefold.
However, the current situation of our country is concerned, there is great difficulty organic fertilizer. Higher prices of major commodities organic fertilizer, low available nutrient content, nutrient only organic manure fertilizer nutrients it consider alternatives, application of organic fertilizer on crops, farmers unacceptable. The farmers own composting organic fertilizer is facing labor shortage, lack of manure, space constraints and other issues. How to solve, and we are many attempts, such as by way of government purchase of social service and so on.